Location
Atlantic Ocean, off coast of West Africa.
Time
GMT - 1.
Area
4,033 sq km (1,557 sq miles).
Population
482,000 (2005).
Population Density
112.5 per sq km.
Capital
Cidade de Praia. Population: 106,757 (2005).
Geography
Cape Verde is situated in the Atlantic Ocean, 600km (450 miles) west-northwest of Senegal and comprises 10 volcanic islands and five islets in two groups: Balavento (Windwards) and Sotavento (Leewards). In the former group are the islands of São Vicente, Santo Antão, São Nicolau, Santa Luzia, Sal and Boa Vista, along with the smaller islands of Branco and Raso; the Sotavento group comprises the islands of Santiago, Maio, Fogo and Brava, along with the smaller islands of Rei and Rombo. Most have mountain peaks; the highest being Pico do Cano, an active volcano, which is on Fogo. The islands are generally rocky and eroded, and have never been able to support more than subsistence agriculture (maize, bananas, sugar cane and coffee are the main crops); low rainfall over the last 10 years has crippled food production and forced the islands to depend on international aid.
Government
Republic. Gained independence from Portugal in 1975.
Head of State
President Pedro Pires since 2001.
Head of Government
Prime Minister José Maria Neves since 2001.
Recent History
The MPD held onto both Presidency and National Assembly in 1995 but lost both to the PAICV at the most recent elections in early 2001. The extremely close presidential race was won by the PAICV’s Pedro Rodrigues Pires with a margin of just 17 votes over the MPD’s Carlos de Carvalho. Cape Verde has pursued a determinedly non-aligned foreign policy, reflected in its being chosen as mediator in the settlement of a variety of international disputes, including Angola. More recently, in 1998, it hosted talks to reach a settlement of the conflict in Guinea Bissau. Cape Verde maintains close relations with Portugal, Brazil and other Portuguese-speaking African countries in the PALOP group (Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and São Tomé).
A new constitution introduced in 1992 allows for the election of an Assembleia Nacional (National Assembly) with 79 deputies and a president who serves as head of state, both elected by adult suffrage for five-year terms.
Language
The official language is Portuguese. Creole is spoken by most of the inhabitants. Some English, French, German and Spanish are widely spoken.
Religion
92.8% of the population are Roman Catholic with a Protestant minority of 1%.
Electricity
220 volts AC, 50Hz.
Social Conventions
The usual European social courtesies should be observed.
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